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Document Type |
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Thesis |
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Document Title |
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CHARACTERIZATION OF DROUGHT OVER SAUDI ARABIA USING GIS AND REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES CASE STUDY: AL-LITH AND AL-KHAFJI توصيف خصائص الجفاف في المملكة العربية السعودية باستخدام تقنيات نظم المعلومات الجغرافية والاستشعار عن بعد دراسة حالة: الليث والخفجي |
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Subject |
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Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture |
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Document Language |
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Arabic |
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Abstract |
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This research aims to compute meteorological drought conditions using Land Surface Temperature (LST), Spectral Indices, and Meteorological Indices (MIDs) from 2001to 2020 in the two catchments, i.e., Al-Lith and Khafji of the Kingdom of Saudi (KSA). In-situ (rain gauges, RGs), IMERG, and Landsat (7-8) data simulated drought in those two watersheds. The Khafji watershed climate is similar to Al- Liths, but Al-Lith receives more precipitation and has a higher average temperature due to complex terrain. Results show that the total drought periods observed in KSA are 166 and 139 months for MIDs (SPEI/SPI) in Al-Lith and Khafji watersheds, respectively. This indicates that the SPEI-calculated drought is more severe and persistent than the SPI-calculated drought. The Correlation Coefficient (CC) between SPI and SPEI is also studied; a low correlation is found at smaller scales. Between SPEI-1/SPI-1 and SPEI-3/SPI-3, Al-Lith and Khafji have CC values of 0.86 and 0.93. The correlation is significant at high temporal scales, 6 and 12 months for Al-Lith and 0.86 to 0.94 for the Khafji watershed. Landsat 7 and 8 were used to find Spectral Indices (MNDWI/NDWI/NDVI) and LST, which showed that both the Watersheds were experiencing severe to extreme metrological drought. In Al-Lith and Khafji, the LST is between 37.66°C and 21.62°C and 43.22°C and 34.79°C. MNDWI values of (0.16 and -0.26) in Al- Lith watershed and (-0.20 to -0.28), are observed in Khafji watershed respectively, NDWI values of (-0.08 to -0.32) in Al- Lith Watershed and (0.21 to -0.11) are observed in Khafji watershed, and NDVI values of (0.16 to -0.20) in Al-Lith watershed and (0.08 to 0.17) are experienced in Khafji watershed. Estimated CC values show a negative correlation between LST and Spectral Indices. Overall, according to SPEI/SPI calculations, more extended drought periods (6 and 12 months) are more severe and extreme than shorter ones (1 and 3 months). In |
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Supervisor |
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D. Jarbu Bahrawi |
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Thesis Type |
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Master Thesis |
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Publishing Year |
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1444 AH
2022 AD |
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Added Date |
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Tuesday, February 28, 2023 |
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Researchers
| نامان اعجاز | Ejaz, Naman | Researcher | Master | |
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